landlocked – entire coastline along the Red Sea was lost with the de jure independence of Eritrea on 24 May 1993; Ethiopia is, therefore, the most populous landlocked country in the world; the Blue Nile, the chief head stream of the Nile by water volume, rises in T’ana Hayk (Lake Tana) in northwest Ethiopia; three major crops are believed to have originated in Ethiopia: coffee, grain sorghum, and castor bean.

Total: 5,328 km

border countries: Djibouti 349 km,

Eritrea 912 km,

Kenya 861 km,

Somalia 1,600 km,

South Sudan 837 km,

Sudan 769 km